·        Crude oil is a mixture of different liquid fuels, tar and dissolved gases. They are separated in an oil refinery by distillation.

 

·        Sieving: Used to separate sand and gravel. (See diagram on pg 155)

 

·        Magnetic Separation: Substances with iron in them are pulled towards the electromagnet and then recycled. (See diagram on the bottom of pg 155)

 

Def: Sublimination is the ability of a substance to change directly from a solid to a gas on heating. E.g. Ammonium chloride and dry ice

Def: Liquids that do not mix are immiscible. E.g. Oil and water.

 

Def: Two liquids that mix are miscible. E.g. Alcohol and water.

 

Def: Distillation is vaporisation followed by condensation.