The
Channel-Organ System (COS) Codes used in this Test are:
TOP
LU-LI
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ST-SP
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HT-SI
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BL-KI
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PC-TH
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GB-LV
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Metal
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Earth
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Fire
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Water
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Fire
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Wood
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Attempt
all 10 Multiple Choice Questions below
In
each question, select the
ONE answer that YOU think is best.
Use
TAB KEY, or Cursor to move between
data fields.
Do
NOT USE the RETURN/ENTER
Key
until the form is completed!
Good
Luck!
TOP
IF
YOU WANT FEEDBACK ON THIS TEST, PLEASE ENTER YOUR CORRECT
NAME, E-MAIL ADDRESS, AND COUNTRY BELOW:
SELECT
ONE answer in EACH Question below:
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1. ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
Human-type AP needles 28-32 gauge are suitable
for small animals
b.
Thicker (19-25) gauge needles are preferable in
large animals to reduce the risk of needle-lock.
c.
Standard, cheap, disposable hypodermic needles
are suitable for AP in large animals.
d.
In most cases, it is not necessary to attempt to
sterilise the skin but each needle should be
sterile
e. Standard hypodermic
needles should be inserted slowly and carefully
by the push-twirl method
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2.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
Depth or direction of needle insertion in animals
vary between points (within species and between
species) and with body size.
b.
The direction and depth of needle insertion
depends on the body region being needled.
c. One should never needle
periosteum
d.
Penetration of the human ear cartilage can cause
a chronic auricular chondritis which can be very
difficult to cure
e.
Penetration of the thoracic or abdominal cavities
is forbidden, except in specific cases, such as
aspiration of fluid or releasing gas from the
viscera etc.
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3.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
In large animals the needles can be inserted up
to 100 mm deep in certain points, such as those
over heavy muscles. However depths of 25-50 mm
would be more usual.
b.
In small animals heavy muscle groups would be
needled to depths 10-50 mm, depending on the
amount of muscle.
c. The most active AP
points are never over peripheral nerves
especially main nerves (trigeminal, facial,
radial, median, ulnar, sciatic, spinal nerves etc).
d.
When the needle is correctly placed and
stimulated, a local reflex muscle spasm grips the
needle tightly, "like a fish taking the bait".
e.
De Qi in animals is indicated by shivering, local
muscle twitch, vocalisation, lifting of a limb,
attempts to escape, bending of the back, swishing
the tail, lowering of the head and defensive
reaction.
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4.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
Needles usually are left in position for 10-30
minutes in conditions such as rheumatism, muscle
pain, arthritic lameness etc.
b.
For paralysis and painful conditions (especially
of the muscles) long duration of needling (up to
30 minutes) is indicated.
c.
Some Chinese sources claim that if De Qi is
obtained, there is no advantage to be gained from
leaving the needles in situ for 10-30 minutes,
except in certain chronic conditions, such as
peripheral nerve damage.
d. If needles fall out
after 10 minutes of treatment, they must be re-inserted
immediately
e.
Blood needles are used in large-animal AP in
China
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5.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
In AP point injection, the choice of solution is
largely a matter of personal preference
b.
Intradermal point injection with 0.1-0.2 ml/point,
using dental, tuberculin or Dermojet syringes is
often used on scars or on Ear AP points
c.
Tender areas in scars, can be injected to a depth
of 2-5 mm using a dental or tuberculin syringe
and a very fine (c. 25 gauge), short (2.5-10 mm)
needle
d.
Dermojet injection is very suitable for
stimulating points on the limbs of horses and
cats which would not accept needling of the same
points. It is also ideal for the treatment of
restrained zoo animals
e. Implantation (gold
beads, orthopoedic suture wire etc) of animal AP
points is not safe and is not advisable
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6.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a. Moxibustion is used mainly in "Hot
diseases", such as in acute cases of
muscular rheumatism, arthritis; acute asthma and
bronchitis; acute abdominal pain, enteritis and
vomiting; acute pyometra and metritis; acute
tendinitis, lymphangitis and pain.
b.
Thermostatically heated probes at 80oC
have been used to heat the points. They are safe
if checked regularly and not applied too strongly
or too long
c.
Other methods of heating the points include
ultraviolet rays, infrared rays and microwaves
d.
Moxibustion is used in 4 ways: Non-scarring
method; moxa-needle; scarringmethod; festering
method. The latter two methods are not acceptable
in western-style practice
e.
Moxibustion by burning alcohol on the moistened
skin is not acceptable in western vet practice
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7.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
Cold laser (power <50 mW/cm2)
in the red visible range (He-Ne lasers and ruby
laser) or in the invisible range (infra-red) can
be a useful means of stimulating superficial AP
points.
b. Lasers emitting <10
mW/cm2
are best to reach deep trigger points in large
animals
c.
Most He-Ne and I-R lasers, even those emitting
<5 mW/cm2,
are effective in treating superficial disorders
of the skin.
d.
Pulsed lasers (especially those interrupted 2000-10000
times/second (Hz) penetrate deeper than unpulsed
lasers.
e.
Treatment time depends on emission power. With 30-50
mW lasers, dose time is very short, 10-60 seconds
per point.
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8.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
Cold laser therapy is effective in tissue trauma,
wounds, ulcers, granuloma and superficial burns
b. Cold laser therapy is
NOT effective in bruises, myositis, tendon sheath
inflammation.
c.
Muscular spasm, which frequently occurs during AP
in large animals, can twist fine (26-32 gauge)
needles into bizarre shapes, causing needle-lock.
d.
Standard hypodermic needles have the disadvantage
of causing more pain; they may also introduce
dirt or skin into the tissues because they have a
lumen.
e.
Over muscular areas, needles usually inserted at
90o
to the skin, deep into the muscle.
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9.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a.
Over bony areas and on Earpoints, the needle is
inserted perpendicularly until the skin is
penetrated and then is advanced subcutaneously.
b.
Over the thorax and abdomen, needles are inserted
usually at 45o
to the surface.
c.
Standard hypodermic needles cause more tissue
damage and bleeding than AP needles.
d. Fire needles are widely
used in western large-animal AP practice.
e.
As in humans, a tight gripping of the needle by
the tissue is a sign of animal De Qi.
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10.
ONE Statement is WRONG.
a. Ultrasound instruments are not effective as
methods of acupoint stimulation.
b.
Powerful minimagnets, superglued to a chain of
acupoints for the affected area, are useful in
treating chronic conditions, such as peripheral
nerve paralysis, or osteoarthritis.
c.
Needling time in apnoeic shock can be as short as
10-30 seconds.
d.
Needling time in acute conditions, like rhinitis
or conjunctivitis, can be as short as 10-60
seconds.
e.
In many diseases, a quick, strong needling that
induces obvious De Qi may replace the longer,
more gentle method.
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Comments or suggestions (optional)
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