HOW DOES THE INTERNET WORK
The computers communicate over the Internet by using TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) which describes the rules for transmitting small packets of lists from one computer to another. Each computer on the Internet is uniquely identified so that it can be addressed. This is done by giving each computer a IP address.
The IP address is the underlying identifier used by protocols that govern the Internet information exchange. As well as an IP address a computer on the Internet will also have a Domain Name. This is an easily identifiable name and it corresponds to the IP address.
There are Domain Name Servers on the Internet who translate the domain name into an IP address. Special computers called routers regulate the flow of traffic on the Internet. If the most direct route was not available a Router would direct traffic around the network via alternate routes.