These were growing on Beech. A white capsuled moss on the left and a lichen (Evernia prunastri) on the right.
This Exidia grows on the underside of branches. It was shown fully inflated with water late last year.
The Clavulina grows through moss. In its early stages it has much cleaner lines.
These tunnels are caused by moth grubs eating their way through the inner layers of a Bramble leaf. Notice how the tunnel starts very narrow (top right) and then widens as the grub makes its way towards the edge and an exit point (bottom centre).